1. Batirin gubar-Acid
- Bayani: Nau'in da aka fi sani da motocin injin konewa na ciki (ICE), wanda ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin 2V guda shida a jere (jimlar 12V). Suna amfani da gubar gubar da gubar soso azaman kayan aiki tare da sulfuric acid electrolyte.
- Subtypes:
- Ambaliyar ruwa (Na al'ada): Yana buƙatar kulawa lokaci-lokaci (misali, sake cika electrolyte).
- Matsakaicin Valve (VRLA): Ya haɗa da Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) da batirin Gel, waɗanda ba su da kariya da zubewa139.
- Matsayi:
- GB na kasar Sin: Lambobin samfuri kamar6-QAW-54anuna ƙarfin lantarki (12V), aikace-aikace (Q don mota), nau'in (A don cajin busasshen, W don rashin kulawa), iya aiki (54Ah), da bita (a don haɓakawa na farko)15.
- JIS na Japan: Misali,Saukewa: NS40ZL(N= daidaitaccen JIS, S=ƙaramin girma, Z=ingantacciyar fitarwa, L=tashar hagu)19.
- Jamus DIN: Codes kamar54434(5= iyawa <100Ah, 44Ah iya aiki)15.
- Amurka BCI: Misali,58430(58= Girman rukuni, 430A amps masu sanyi)15.
2. Batura masu tushen nickel
- Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd): Ba kasafai a cikin motocin zamani ba saboda matsalolin muhalli. Wutar lantarki: 1.2V, tsawon rayuwa ~ 500 hawan keke37.
- Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH): Ana amfani da su a cikin motocin matasan. Babban ƙarfin (~ 2100mAh) da tsawon rayuwa (~ 1000 hawan keke) 37.
3. Batura masu tushen lithium
- Lithium-ion (Li-ion): rinjaye a cikin motocin lantarki (EVs). Babban ƙarfin kuzari (3.6V kowane tantanin halitta), mai nauyi, amma mai kula da wuce gona da iri da guduwar zafi37.
- Lithium Polymer (Li-Po): Yana amfani da polymer electrolyte don sassauci da kwanciyar hankali. Kadan mai yuwuwa amma yana buƙatar ingantaccen gudanarwa37.
- Matsayi:
- GB 38031-2025: Yana ƙayyadad da buƙatun aminci don batir ɗin gogayya na EV, gami da kwanciyar hankali na thermal, rawar jiki, murkushewa, da gwajin sake zagayowar caji mai sauri don hana wuta/ fashewa210.
- GB/T 31485-2015: Ya ba da umarnin gwaje-gwajen aminci (yawan caji, gajeriyar kewayawa, dumama, da sauransu) don batirin lithium-ion da nickel-metal hydride baturi46.
Muhimmancin Lafiyar Baturi don Tsaron Mota
- Amintaccen Ƙarfin Farawa:
- Lalacewar baturi na iya kasa isar da isassun amps masu ɗaukar nauyi, wanda ke haifar da gazawar fara injin, musamman a yanayin sanyi. Matsayi kamar BCI'sCCA (Cold Cranking Amps)tabbatar da aiki a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki15.
- Ƙarfafa Tsarin Lantarki:
- Rarraunan batura suna haifar da jujjuyawar wutar lantarki, lalata kayan lantarki (misali, ECUs, infotainment). Zane-zane marasa kulawa (misali, AGM) yana rage ɗigogi da haɗarin lalata13.
- Hana Hatsarin zafi:
- Batirin Li-ion mara kyau na iya shiga guduwar zafi, yana fitar da iskar gas mai guba ko haifar da gobara. Matsayi kamarGB 38031-2025tilasta tsauraran gwaji (misali, tasirin ƙasa, juriya na yaɗa zafi) don rage waɗannan haɗarin210.
- Yarda da Ka'idojin Tsaro:
- Batirin tsufa na iya gaza gwajin aminci kamarjuriya na girgiza(Ka'idojin DIN) koajiya iya aiki(Kimanin RC na BCI), yana ƙara yuwuwar abubuwan gaggawa na gefen hanya16.
- Hatsarin Muhalli da Aiki:
- Leaked electrolyte daga lalacewar baturan gubar-acid na gurɓata yanayin halitta. Binciken lafiya na yau da kullun (misali, ƙarfin lantarki, juriya na ciki) yana tabbatar da bin ka'idodin muhalli da aiki39.
Kammalawa
Batura masu motoci sun bambanta ta hanyar sinadarai da aikace-aikace, kowannensu yana ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanki (GB, JIS, DIN, BCI). Lafiyar baturi yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don amincin abin hawa ba har ma don hana gazawar bala'i. Riko da ƙa'idodi masu tasowa (misali, ƙa'idodin aminci na GB 38031-2025) yana tabbatar da cewa batura suna jure wa matsanancin yanayi, suna kiyaye duka masu amfani da muhalli. Bincike na yau da kullun (misali, halin caji, gwaje-gwajen juriya na ciki) suna da mahimmanci don gano kuskuren da wuri da yarda.
Don cikakkun hanyoyin gwaji ko ƙayyadaddun yanki, koma zuwa ƙa'idodin da aka ambata da jagororin masana'anta.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-16-2025
