Roj teeb Tester Analyzer: Hom Lub Tsheb Hluav Taws Xob thiab cov qauv tsim nyog

1. Lead-Acid Batteries

• Kev piav qhia: Hom ntau tshaj plaws rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv (ICE) tsheb, muaj li ntawm rau 2V hlwb hauv series (tag nrho 12V). Lawv siv lead dioxide thiab daim txhuam cev ua cov khoom siv nrog sulfuric acid electrolyte.
• Subtypes:
  • Dej nyab (Conventional): Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas raws sij hawm (piv txwv li, electrolyte refilling).
  • Valve-Regulated (VRLA): suav nrog Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) thiab Gel batteries, uas tsis muaj kev saib xyuas thiab tsis muaj pov thawj 139.
• Cov qauv:
  • Suav GB: Model codes nyiam6- QAW-54aqhia voltage (12V), daim ntawv thov (Q rau tsheb), hom (A rau qhuav-them, W rau kev tu-dawb), muaj peev xwm (54Ah), thiab kho dua tshiab (ib qho kev txhim kho thawj zaug) 15.
  • Japanese JIS: Piv txwv li,NS 40 ZL(N = JIS tus qauv, S = me me, Z = txhim khu kev tso tawm, L = sab laug davhlau ya nyob twg) 19.
  • German DIN: Codes zoo li54434 ib(5 = muaj peev xwm <100Ah, 44Ah muaj peev xwm) 15.
  • American BCI: Piv txwv li,58430 ua(58 = pawg loj, 430A txias cranking amps) 15.

2. Nickel-based roj teeb

• Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd): Tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv cov tsheb niaj hnub vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog ib puag ncig. Voltage: 1.2V, lifespan ~ 500 cycles 37.
• Nickel-Hlau Hydride (Ni-MH): Siv nyob rau hauv hybrid tsheb. Lub peev xwm siab dua (~ 2100mAh) thiab lifespan (~ 1000 cycles) 37.

3. Lithium-based roj teeb

• Lithium-ion (li-ion): Dominant nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob tsheb (EVs). High zog ceev (3.6V ib lub xov tooj), lub teeb yuag, tab sis rhiab heev rau overcharging thiab thermal runaway37.
• Lithium Polymer (Li-Po): Siv cov polymer electrolyte kom yooj thiab ruaj khov. Tsis tshua muaj dej xau tab sis xav tau kev tswj xyuas meej37.
• Cov qauv:
  • GB 38031-2025: Qhia meej txog kev nyab xeeb rau EV traction roj teeb, suav nrog thermal stability, vibration, crush, thiab ceev-them lub voj voog kev ntsuas kom tiv thaiv hluav taws kub / tawg 210.
  • GB/T 31485-2015: Kev tswj xyuas kev nyab xeeb (overcharge, luv Circuit Court, cua sov, thiab lwm yam) rau lithium-ion thiab nickel-hlau hydride roj teeb46.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Roj Teeb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv rau Automotive Safety

1. Txhim khu kev pib lub zog:
   • Lub roj teeb degraded yuav ua tsis tau kom txaus cranking amps, ua rau lub cav pib tsis ua hauj lwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv txias txias. Cov qauv zoo li BCI'sCCA (Cold Cranking Amps)xyuas kom muaj kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias 15.
2. Hluav taws xob System Stability:
   • Cov roj teeb tsis muaj zog ua rau muaj qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv, ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas tsuaj (xws li ECUs, infotainment). Cov qauv tsim tsis muaj kev saib xyuas (piv txwv li, AGM) txo qis kev xau thiab kev pheej hmoo corrosion13.
3. Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov:
   • Faulty Li-ion roj teeb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv thermal khiav, tso cov pa phem lossis ua rau hluav taws kub. Cov qauv zoo liGB 38031-2025tswj kev sim nruj (xws li, qhov cuam tshuam hauv qab, thermal propagation resistance) kom txo tau cov kev pheej hmoo no210.
4. Ua raws li Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Nyab Xeeb:
   • Cov roj teeb uas muaj hnub nyoog yuav ua tsis tau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb xws likev co kuj(DIN cov qauv) lossiscia muaj peev xwm(BCI's RC rating), nce qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev kub ntxhov16.
5. Environmental and Operational Risks:
   • Leaked electrolyte los ntawm cov roj lead-acid puas ntsoog ecosystems. Kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis tu ncua (xws li, qhov hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv sab hauv) kom ua tau raws li ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm39.

Xaus

Automotive roj teeb sib txawv los ntawm chemistry thiab daim ntawv thov, txhua tus tswj hwm los ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam (GB, JIS, DIN, BCI). Roj teeb kev noj qab haus huv yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog rau kev cia siab ntawm lub tsheb nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj loj. Kev ua raws li cov qauv kev hloov pauv (xws li GB 38031-2025 cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb zoo dua) ua kom cov roj teeb tiv taus huab cua, tiv thaiv ob tus neeg siv thiab ib puag ncig. Kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua (piv txwv li, lub xeev-ntawm-tus nqi, kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv sab hauv) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb nrhiav qhov txhaum thaum ntxov thiab ua raws.

Rau cov txheej txheem xeem kom ntxaws lossis cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam, xa mus rau cov qauv sau thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.