1. baytariyada-Aashitada rasaasta
- Sharaxaada: Nooca ugu badan ee baabuurta gubashada gudaha (ICE), oo ka kooban lix unug 2V oo taxane ah (wadarta 12V). Waxay u isticmaalaan sunta rasaasta rasaasta iyo rasaasta isbuunyada sida walxo firfircoon oo leh sulfuric acid electrolyte.
- Noocyo hoose:
- Daadad (Caadi ah)Waxay u baahan tahay dayactir xilliyeed ah (tusaale, buuxinta korantada).
- Valve-Regulated (VRLA): Waxaa ka mid ah Matxafka Dhallaanka ah ee Absorbent (AGM) iyo baytariyada Gel, kuwaas oo aan dayactir lahayn oo daadanaya139.
- Heerarka:
- Shiinaha GB: Koodhadhka moodada sida6-QAW-54amuuji danab (12V), codsiga (Q ee baabuurta), nooca (A loogu talagalay qalalan, W dayactir la'aanta), awoodda (54Ah), iyo dib u eegis (a horumarinta koowaad)15.
- Jabbaan JIS: tusaale,NS40ZL(N=JIS heerka, S=xajmiga ka yar, Z=ka bixid la xoojiyey, L=bidix terminal)19.
- Jarmal DINCodsiyada sida54434(5=awood <100Ah, 44Ah power)15.
- Maraykanka BCI: tusaale,58430(58=xajmiga kooxda, 430A amps qaboojiye qabow)15.
2. baytariyada Nikel-ku-salaysan
- Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd)Naadirka baabuurta casriga ah sababo la xiriira deegaanka. Voltage: 1.2V, cimriga ~ 500 wareegyada37.
- Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH): Loo isticmaalo baabuurta isku-dhafka ah. Awood sare (~ 2100mAh) iyo cimriga (~ 1000 wareegyo)37.
3. Baytariyada Lithium-ku-salaysan
- Lithium-Ion (Li-ion): Ku xoog badan baabuurta korontada (EVs). Cufnaanta tamarta sare (3.6V unug kasta), miisaan fudud, laakiin xasaasi u ah dallacaadda xad-dhaafka ah iyo kuleylka kuleylka37.
- Lithium Polymer (Li-Po): Waxay u isticmaashaa korantada polymerka dabacsanaanta iyo xasilloonida. U nugul daadinta laakiin waxay u baahan tahay maamul sax ah37.
- Heerarka:
- GB 38031-2025: Waxay qeexaysaa shuruudaha badbaadada ee baytariyada jiidista EV, oo ay ku jiraan xasilloonida kulaylka, gariirka, burburinta, iyo tijaabooyinka wareegtada degdegga ah si looga hortago dabka/qarx210.
- GB/T 31485-2015: Wuxuu waajibiyaa tijaabooyinka badbaadada (lacag dheeri ah, wareeg-gaaban, kuleyl, iwm.) ee baytariyada lithium-ion iyo nikkel-metal hydride46.
Ahmiyada caafimaadka baytarigu u leedahay badbaadada baabuurta
- Awood Bilawga Lagu kalsoonaan karo:
- Baytariga hoos u dhacay ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ku guuldareysto inuu keeno amps ku filan, taasoo u horseedaysa bilawga mishiinka, gaar ahaan xaaladaha qabow. Heerarka sida BCI'sCCA (Cranking Amps)hubi waxqabadka heerkulka hooseeya15.
- Dejinta Nidaamka Korontada:
- Baytariyada daciifka ahi waxay sababaan isbedbedelka korantada, waxyeelo gaadhsiiya qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee xasaasiga ah (tusaale, ECU-yada, macluumaadka). Nashqadaha aan dayactirka lahayn (tusaale, AGM) waxay yareeyaan daadinta iyo khataraha daxalka13.
- Ka hortagga Khatarta kulaylka:
- Baytariyada Li-ion-ka ee khaldan waxay geli karaan meel ka baxsan kulaylka, iyagoo sii daaya gaasas sun ah ama keeni kara dab. Heerarka sidaGB 38031-2025meelmarin imtixaan adag (tusaale, saamaynta hoose, iska caabinta kulaylka) si loo yareeyo khatarahaas210.
- U Hogaansanaanta Hab-maamuuska Badbaadada:
- Baytariyada gabowga ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku guuldareystaan imtixaanada badbaadada sidaiska caabin gariir(Heerka DIN) amaawoodda kaydka(Qiimeynta BCI's RC), kordhinta suurtagalnimada xaaladaha degdegga ah ee waddada dhinaceeda16.
- Khatarta Deegaanka iyo Shaqada:
- Electrolyte-ka ka soo daatay baytariyada acid-ashitada rasaasta ah ee dhaawacan ayaa wasakhaysa nidaamka deegaanka. Baaritaannada caafimaad ee joogtada ah (tusaale, danab, iska caabin gudaha ah) ayaa hubiya u hoggaansanaanta heerarka deegaanka iyo shaqada39.
Gabagabo
Baytariyada baabuurtu way ku kala duwan yihiin kimistari iyo arji, mid walba waxaa lagu maamulaa heerar u gaar ah gobolka (GB, JIS, DIN, BCI). Caafimaadka baytarigu muhiim maaha oo kaliya isku halaynta baabuurka laakiin sidoo kale waa ka hortagga fashilka musiibada. U hoggaansanaanta heerarka kobcaya (tusaale, GB 38031-2025 ee hab-maamuuska badbaadada ee la xoojiyay) waxay hubisaa in baytariyadu u adkeystaan xaalado ba'an, iyagoo ilaalinaya isticmaaleyaasha iyo deegaanka labadaba. Baadhitaano joogto ah (tusaale, xaalad-dallaca, tijaabooyinka iska caabinta gudaha) ayaa lama huraan u ah ogaanshaha hore ee khaladka iyo u hoggaansanaanta.
Si aad u hesho habraacyo tijaabo ah oo faahfaahsan ama tilmaamo goboleed, tixraac heerarka la soo xigtay iyo tilmaamaha soo saaraha.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-16-2025
