Mohlahlobi oa Battery Analyzer: Mefuta ea Battery ea Likoloi le Maemo a Tšoanelehang

1. Libetri tsa Lead-Acid

• Tlhaloso: Mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo oa likoloi tsa motlakase oa ka hare (ICE), tse entsoeng ka lisele tse tšeletseng tsa 2V ka letoto (kakaretso ea 12V). Ba sebelisa lead dioxide le seponche lead e le lisebelisoa tse sebetsang tse nang le sulfuric acid electrolyte.
• Mefuta e menyenyane:
  • Likhohola (Tsela e Tloaelehileng): E hloka tlhokomelo ea nako le nako (mohlala, ho tlatsa electrolyte).
  • Li-Valve-Regulated (VRLA): E kenyelletsa li-Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) le libeteri tsa Gel, tse sa hlokeng ho hlokomeloa le hore li se ke tsa qhalana139.
• Litekanyetso:
  • China GB: Likhoutu tsa mohlala joalo ka6-QAW-54abontša voltage (12V), kopo (Q bakeng sa koloi), mofuta (A bakeng sa dry-charged, W bakeng sa tlhokomelo e sa lefelloeng), bokhoni (54Ah), le revision (a bakeng sa ntlafatso ea pele)15.
  • JIS ea Japane: mohlala,NS40ZL(N=tekanyetso ea JIS, S=boholo bo bonyenyane, Z=boemo bo ntlafalitsoeng, L=theminale e ka ho le letšehali)19.
  • DIN ea Jeremane: Likhoutu tse kang54434(5=bokgoni <100Ah, 44Ah bokgoni)15.
  • Amerika BCI: mohlala,58430(58=boholo ba sehlopha, 430A li-amps tse batang tse batang)15.

2. Libetri tse thehiloeng ho Nickel

• Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd): E fumaneha ka seoelo likoloing tsa sejoale-joale ka lebaka la mathata a tikoloho. Voltage: 1.2V, nako ea bophelo ~ 500 cycles37.
• Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH): E sebelisoa likoloing tse nyalisitsoeng. Bokhoni bo phahameng (~ 2100mAh) le nako ea bophelo (~ 1000 cycles)37.

3. Libetri tse thehiloeng ho lithium

• Lithium-Ion (Li-ion): E laola likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs). Matla a phahameng a matla (3.6V ka sele), a bobebe, empa a natefeloa ke ho tjhaja haholo le ho baleha ha mocheso37.
• Lithium Polymer (Li-Po): E sebelisa electrolyte ea polymer bakeng sa ho tenyetseha le botsitso. Ha e na monyetla oa ho lutla empa e hloka taolo e nepahetseng37.
• Litekanyetso:
  • GB 38031-2025: E totobatsa litlhoko tsa polokeho bakeng sa libeteri tsa EV traction, tse kenyelletsang botsitso ba mocheso, ho thothomela, ho senya, le liteko tsa potoloho ea ho tjhaja ka potlako ho thibela mollo/ho phatloha210.
  • GB/T 31485-2015: E laela liteko tsa ts'ireletso (ho feta tefiso, potoloho e khutšoanyane, ho futhumatsa, joalo-joalo) bakeng sa libeteri tsa lithium-ion le nickel-metal hydride46.

Bohlokoa ba Bophelo ba Battery bakeng sa Polokeho ea Likoloi

1. Tšepahalang ea ho Qala Matla:
   • Betri e senyehileng e ka hloleha ho fana ka li-amps tse lekaneng tsa cranking, e leng se lebisang ho hloleheng ha enjine, haholo maemong a batang. Maemo a kang a BCICCA (Cold Cranking Amps)etsa bonnete ba tshebetso ka mocheso o tlase15.
2. Motlakase System botsitso:
   • Libetri tse fokolang li baka ho feto-fetoha ha motlakase, ho senya lisebelisoa tsa motlakase (mohlala, ECUs, infotainment). Meralo e sa hlokeng tlhokomelo (mohlala, AGM) e fokotsa kotsi ea ho lutla le ho bola13.
3. Ho Thibela Likotsi Tsa Thermal:
   • Libetri tsa Li-ion tse sa sebetseng li ka kena sebakeng sa mocheso, tsa ntša likhase tse chefo kapa tsa baka mollo. Maemo a kangGB 38031-2025qobella liteko tse matla (mohlala, tšusumetso e tlase, khanyetso ea ho ata ha mocheso) ho fokotsa likotsi tsena210.
4. Ho lumellana le Melao ea Tšireletso:
   • Libetri tsa botsofali li ka hloleha ho etsa liteko tsa polokeho joalo kakhanyetso ea ho thothomela(litekanyetso tsa DIN) kapabokhoni ba ho boloka(BCI's RC rating), ho eketsa monyetla oa ho ba le maemo a tšohanyetso a ka thōko ho tsela16.
5. Likotsi tsa Tikoloho le Ts'ebetso:
   • Electrolyte e lutlang ho tsoa libetering tse senyehileng tsa lead-acid e silafatsa tikoloho. Ho hlahlojoa khafetsa bophelo bo botle (mohlala, motlakase, ho hanyetsa ka hare) ho netefatsa hore ho tsamaellana le maemo a tikoloho le tšebetso39.

Qetello

Libetri tsa likoloi li fapana ho ea ka k'hemistri le ts'ebeliso, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e laoloa ke maemo a ikhethileng sebakeng (GB, JIS, DIN, BCI). Bophelo ba betri bo bohlokoa eseng feela bakeng sa ts'epahalo ea koloi empa hape le ho thibela ho hloleha ho matla. Ho ikamahanya le maemo a fetohang (mohlala, liprothokholo tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa polokeho ea GB 38031-2025) li netefatsa hore libeteri li mamella maemo a feteletseng, li sireletsa basebelisi le tikoloho. Litlhahlobo tsa khafetsa (mohlala, boemo ba tefiso, liteko tsa ka hare tsa ho hanyetsa) li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lemoha liphoso kapele le ho latela melao.

Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo tse felletseng kapa litlhaloso tsa sebaka, sheba litekanyetso tse boletsoeng le litataiso tsa moetsi.