Thehlahloba mosi(tlhahlobo ea mesi) ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho latela melao ea tikoloho ea koloi, e matlafatsangTlhahlobo ea Botho ea Bobeli (OBD-II)tsamaiso ea ho beha leihlo le ho etsa bonnete ba hore likoloi li finyella litekanyetso tsa tlhahiso. Ka tlase ke tlhaloso e qaqileng ea ts'ebetso ea eona, ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso, le ts'ebetsong ea maano linaheng tse fapaneng.
1. Mesebetsi ea mantlha ea OBD-II ho Licheke tsa Mosi
Sistimi ea OBD-II e tsoela pele ho beha leihlo likarolo tse amanang le tlhahiso le lits'ebetso tse nyane, ho bona ho se sebetse hantle ho ka lebisang mesing e feteletseng e silafatsang. Mesebetsi ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:
- Tlhokomelo ea Nako ea 'Nete ea Phallo: E latela likarolo tse kang li-catalytic converters, li-sensor tsa oksijene, litsamaiso tsa exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), le li-control tsa mouoane. Mohlala, OBD-II e bapisa mats'oao a sensor ea oksijene ea pele le ea morao-rao ho lekola ts'ebetso e sebetsang. Ho se lumellane ho hlahisa khoutu ea phoso (mohlala, P0420) le ho khantša Lebone la Letšoao le Senyehileng (MIL).
- Phoso Code Storage: Li-Logs diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) ha likhase li feta menyako, li thusa litsebi ho supa litaba nakong ea tlhahlobo.
- Bahlahlobi ba ho Itokisa: E lekola hore na litsamaiso tsohle tse amanang le mesi li qetile ho itlhahloba. Likoloi tse nang le li-monitor tse sa phethahalang li ka 'na tsa hlōleha ho hlahloba mosi le haeba ho se na DTCs.
2. Lisebelisoa tse Sebetsang tsa Licheke tsa Mosi
- Emission Compliance: E netefatsa hore likoloi li khomarela litekanyetso tsa boemo ba moea ba libaka ka ho tsebahatsa NOx, CO, kapa tlhahiso ea hydrocarbon e feteletseng.
- Litokiso tse Lebisitsoeng: E fana ka lintlha tse sebetsang bakeng sa mechini ho rarolla liphoso tse itseng, ho fokotsa nako le litšenyehelo.
- Pheliso ea Leano: E hokahana le melao ea mmuso ho felisa likoloi tse nang le mosi o mongata kapa ho laela ho hopola mefuta e sa sebetseng hantle.
3. Ts'ebetsong ea Leano la Lefatše
United States
- California: Joaloka pula-maliboho litabeng tsa tsamaiso ea mesi, California e laela hore OBD-II e hlahlobe mangolo a mangolo a mosi. Likoloi li tlameha ho feta ho hlahlojoa ha OBD-II, ho hlahloba boemo ba MIL, le litekanyetso tsa ho itokisetsa ho lekola. California Air Resources Board (CARB) e boetse e tiisa melao e thata bakeng sa likoloi tsa khoebo, joalo ka ho hloka litsamaiso tsa ho ts'oara moaho koung.
- New york: Likoloi tsa diesel tse fetang 8,500 lbs libakeng tse khethiloeng (mohlala, NYC) li hloka tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo ea OBD-II. Likoloi tse sa laoleheng li tobane le likotlo tse fihlang ho $1,30026.
mokhatlo oa linaha tsa Iropa
- Jeremane le Spain: Licheke tsa OBD li kenyelelitsoe tlhahlobong ea nako le nako ea tekheniki (PTI). Spain e sebelisa litlhahlobo tsa sensor-disconnection ho bona ho senyeha (mohlala, SCR urea system bypasses), ha Jeremane e rera ho amohelaOn-Board Monitoring (OBM)bakeng sa phetiso ea data ea nako ea 'nete ho balaoli.
China
- Melao ea morao-rao (mohlala,Maikutlo a ho Ntlafatsa Tlhokomelo ea Tikoloho ea Likoloi) e totobatsa ho lekola hole le OBD bakeng sa literaka tsa diesel tse boima. Likoloi tse nang le tlhaiso-leseling e tsitsitseng li ka tlola tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo, athe ba sa ikobeleng bona ba tobana le likotlo kapa ho hopola.
- Mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhahlobo e shebana le "lintlha tse tharo le liphetoho tse peli" (mohlala, ho senya tsamaiso ea OBD kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho laola tšilafalo).
Japane
- Le hoja tsamaiso ea Japane e sisinyehileng (tlhahlobo ea likoloi) e tsepamisitse maikutlo holim'a tšireletseho, lintlha tsa OBD-II li ntse li sebelisoa ka ho eketsehileng ho netefatsa hore ho latela melao ea tlhahiso, haholo-holo bakeng sa likoloi tsa khale.
4. Mathata le Litlhahiso
- Ho senya Likotsi: Beng ba likoloi ba bang ba qhekella litsamaiso tsa OBD ho tlola taolo ea mesi. Mehato e hanyetsanang e kenyelletsa netefatso ea software ea ECU (mohlala, tlhahlobo ea CALID/CVN ea US) le tlhahlobo ea OBD e hole.
- Tsoelo-pele ea Theknoloji: Linaha tse kang China le EU lia amohelatelematics ea OBD e holele AI-driven (remote sensing) ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso
Nako ea poso: May-08-2025
