Iukujonga umsi(ukuhlolwa kokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo) licandelo elibalulekileyo lokuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo kwesithuthi, kuxhatshazwaUxilongo olusebhodini II (OBD-II)inkqubo yokubeka iliso nokuqinisekisa ukuba izithuthi ziyayifezekisa imigangatho yokukhupha izinto ezikhutshwayo. Ngezantsi lucazululo oluneenkcukacha zokusebenza kwayo, usetyenziso olusebenzayo, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo kumazwe awohlukeneyo.
1. Imisebenzi engundoqo ye-OBD-II kwi-Smog Checks
Inkqubo ye-OBD-II ngokuqhubekayo ibeka iliso kumacandelo anxulumene nokukhutshwa kunye ne-subsystems, ukufumanisa ukungasebenzi okunokuthi kubangele ukukhutshwa kokungcola okugqithisileyo. Imisebenzi ephambili ibandakanya:
- Ixesha langempela lokuJonga ukuKhanya: Ukulandelela amacandelo afana nabaguquli be-catalytic, izinzwa ze-oksijini, iinkqubo ze-exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), kunye nolawulo lokuphuma kwamanzi. Ngokomzekelo, i-OBD-II ithelekisa i-pre- and post-catalytic converter i-oxygen sensor signals ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukungahambelani kubangela ikhowudi yempazamo (umz., P0420) kwaye ikhanyise isibane seSalathisi esingasebenziyo (MIL).
- IFault Code yoGcino: Iikhowudi zeengxaki zokuxilonga (i-DTCs) xa ukukhutshwa kudlula imida, ukunceda amagcisa ekuchongeni imiba ngexesha lokuhlolwa.
- Ukulungela iimonitha: Ijonga ukuba ngaba zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene nokukhutshwa zigqibile ukuzivavanya. Izithuthi ezineemoni ezingaphelelanga zisenokungaphumeleli ukujonga umsi nokuba akukho DTCs zikhoyo.
2. Ukusetyenziswa okuSebenzayo koHlolo lomsi
- Ukuthotyelwa kweMishini: Uqinisekisa ukuba izithuthi zihambelana nemigangatho yomgangatho womoya wengingqi ngokuchonga i-NOx, i-CO, okanye i-hydrocarbon emissions.
- Ulungiso oluJolisiweyo: Ibonelela ngedatha enokuthathelwa amanyathelo okulungisa oomatshini ukulungisa iimpazamo ezithile, ukunciphisa ixesha lokulungisa kunye neendleko.
- Ukunyanzeliswa koMgaqo-nkqubo: Idityaniswa nemigaqo karhulumente ukuphelisa izithuthi ezikhupha izinto ezininzi okanye isigunyaziso sokukhumbula iimodeli ezineziphene.
3. Ukuphunyezwa koMgaqo-nkqubo weHlabathi
Amazwe Amanyene
- California: Njengovulindlela kwimimiselo yokukhutshwa, iCalifornia igunyazisa i-OBD-II iitshekhi zoqinisekiso lwe-smog. Izithuthi kufuneka zigqithise ukuskena kwe-OBD-II, ukujongwa kwesimo se-MIL, kunye novavanyo lokulungela ukubeka iliso. IBhodi yeMithombo yoMoya yaseCalifornia (CARB) ikwanyanzelisa imithetho engqongqo yezithuthi zorhwebo, ezifana nokufuna iinkqubo zokubamba ukukhutshwa kwamazibuko.
- Inew York: Izithuthi ze-diesel ngaphezu kwe-8,500 lbs kwiindawo ezichongiweyo (umzekelo, i-NYC) zifuna ukuhlolwa kwe-OBD-II emission yonyaka. Izithuthi ezingathobeliyo zijongene nezohlwayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,30026 yeedola.
udibano lwaseyurophu
- EJamani naseSpeyin: Iitshekhi ze-OBD zidityaniswe kwii-periodic technical inspections (PTI). ISpain isebenzisa uphicotho lwe-sensor-disconnection ukuze ibone ukuphazamisa (umzekelo, i-SCR urea system bypasses), ngelixa iJamani iceba ukwamkela.Ukubeka iliso kwibhodi (OBM)ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yexesha langempela kubalawuli.
eTshayina
- Iipolisi zakutsha nje (umz.,Izimvo ngokuLungisa uLondolozo lokuSingqongileyo kweMoto) kugxininise kwi-OBD-based monitoring ekude kwiilori zedizili ezinomsebenzi onzima. Izithuthi ezinedatha ezinzileyo yokukhutshwayo zinokutsiba uhlolo lonyaka, ngelixa abangayithobeliyo imithetho bejongana nezohlwayo okanye ukukhumbula.
- Iiprothokholi zokuhlola ezohlukeneyo zijolise "iinqaku ezintathu kunye nohlengahlengiso ezimbini" (umzekelo, ukuphazamisa iinkqubo ze-OBD okanye izixhobo zokulawula ungcoliseko).
Japhan
- Ngelixa inkqubo yaseJapan eshukunyiswayo (ukuhlolwa kwemoto) igxile kukhuseleko, idatha ye-OBD-II isetyenziswa ngakumbi ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kokukhutshwa, ngakumbi kwizithuthi ezindala.
4. Imingeni kunye nezinto ezintsha
- Ukuphazamisa imingcipheko: Abanye abanini beenqwelo-mafutha basebenzisa iinkqubo ze-OBD ukuze badlule kulawulo lokuphuma. Amanyathelo okulwa aquka uqinisekiso lwesoftware ye-ECU (umzekelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-CALID/CVN e-US) kunye nokubeka iliso okude kwe-OBD.
- Inkqubela phambili yeTekhnoloji: Amazwe afana neTshayina kunye ne-EU ayamkelaekude OBD telematicskunye ne-AI eqhutywayo (imvakalelo ekude) ukunyusa umgangatho wonyanzeliso
Ixesha lokuposa: May-08-2025
